183일 규칙 계산기

관할지별 183일 규칙

대부분의 국가는 세금 거주지 판단에 183일 규칙을 쓰지만 세부 사항은 다릅니다. 간단한 참고 자료입니다:

• 183일, 역년 기준: 대부분의 국가, 독일, 스페인, 프랑스, 이탈리아, 멕시코, 싱가포르, 일본, 포르투갈(12개월 이동 기준).
• 184일 + 주거지: 뉴욕, 뉴저지, 매사추세츠, 코네티컷, 펜실베이니아.
• UK SRT (Statutory Residence Test): 영국 과세연도(4월 6일부터 4월 5일)에 적용되는, 연계와 결합된 일수 테스트.
• 호주: 호주 소득연도(7월 1일부터 6월 30일) 기준 183일.
• 캐나다: 거주 연계 테스트와 함께 적용되는 183일 간주 거주자 규칙.
• UAE: 거주 비자와 주거지가 있으면 90일, 일반적으로는 183일.

Schengen 90/180만 다루려면 전용 Schengen 계산기를 사용하세요. IRS Substantial Presence Test에는 SPT 계산기를 사용하세요.

The threshold is not always 183

Reaching for a 183-day calculator and then applying 183 to a jurisdiction that uses a different number is a common and expensive mistake. Set the threshold field to your own rule:

• 180 days: Thailand, on the calendar year.
• 182 days: India, on a financial year running 1 April to 31 March, and Malaysia on the calendar year. India also has a second route at 60 days for people with substantial presence over the preceding four years.
• 184 days: New York, and in practice any rule written as "more than 183 days", which includes the statutory-residency tests in New Jersey, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Pennsylvania, each of which also requires a permanent place of abode.
• 200 days: Oregon and Hawaii.
• 270 days: Idaho, alongside a home kept in the state for the whole year.
• About 214 days: Alabama and Oklahoma, whose statutes are written as seven months rather than as a number of days, so the day figure is an approximation and the shorter reading is the safe one.
• No fixed threshold: California, where more than nine months creates a rebuttable presumption of residence while less than nine months creates no presumption the other way, and Illinois, which turns on domicile and purpose rather than on a day count.
• Fewer than 90 days: Cyprus can treat you as resident on 60 days when its other conditions are met in the same year, and the UAE has a 90-day route for specified people with a permanent place of residence and a job or business there.

「하루」를 세는 방법

대부분의 관할지는 역일에 조금이라도 머물렀다면 온전한 하루로 셉니다. 자정에 체류하고 있어야 하는 곳도 있고(UK SRT), 경유일을 제외하는 곳도 있습니다. 전체 가이드 읽기: 183일 규칙 완벽 정리.

The conventions that decide whether a given date lands in your total:

• Any part of a day: New York and several other US states count any presence at all, including a connection between two flights, as a full day. It is the most punitive convention and the one to assume when you do not know which applies.
• Presence at the end of the day: the UK statutory residence test generally counts a day only if you are in the UK at midnight, with limited exceptions for transit and for exceptional circumstances beyond your control, plus a separate deeming rule for people with several UK ties.
• Both ends of the trip: the Schengen 90/180 rule counts the day you enter and the day you leave in full. That is an immigration limit rather than a tax test, and it runs on a rolling 180-day window instead of a year.
• Days that are excluded: the US substantial presence test disregards, among others, days of exempt individuals, days you are in transit between two points outside the United States and are in the country for less than 24 hours, and days you could not leave because of a medical condition that arose while you were there.
• A window that moves: some rules count within any rolling twelve-month period rather than a fixed year, so the window shifts by one day every day and there is no 1 January reset to plan around.

Common mistakes and edge cases

Almost every day-count dispute comes down to one of these:

• Counting nights instead of days. A Friday to Sunday trip is three days under most rules, not two. Repeat that across twenty trips and your count is twenty days light.
• Assuming the year starts on 1 January. The UK tax year runs 6 April to 5 April, Australia's income year 1 July to 30 June, and India's financial year 1 April to 31 March. Set the window before you enter a single trip, or every total is measured over the wrong period.
• Treating the threshold as a safe harbour. Staying under the number is not the same as being non-resident. Domicile, a home kept available to you, where your family lives and where your economic interests sit can each make you resident on far fewer days, and several systems have a deliberate low-day route.
• Forgetting that residence usually covers the whole year. Crossing on 26 December generally makes you resident from 1 January, not from 26 December. Split-year and part-year reliefs exist, UK split-year treatment and the US dual-status year among them, but they are specific reliefs with their own conditions rather than the default outcome.
• Mixing the immigration clock with the tax clock. A 90/180 visitor limit and a 183-day tax test are different rules with different windows and different consequences. Being comfortably inside the 90 days says nothing about your tax position, and a stay that is perfectly legal on immigration can still create a residence question.
• Counting from memory at the end of the year. Tax authorities expect contemporaneous evidence: boarding passes, hotel folios, card transactions. Where the burden of proof sits with you, an undocumented day tends to be counted against you, and reconstructing a year afterwards is usually the moment people discover they were already over.
• Watching only one country. Days out of one place are days in another. Cutting to 150 days somewhere while spending 200 days somewhere else swaps one residence question for a worse one.

If more than one jurisdiction is in play, count them together in the multi-country day counter.

Setting the calculator to your rule

The calculator counts every distinct calendar day inside the window you set, counting entry and exit dates in full and de-duplicating days shared by overlapping trips. To match your rule:

• If your rule says "183 days or more", enter 183. The threshold is reported as met on the day the count reaches it, which is what that wording means.
• If your rule says "more than 183 days", enter 184, the first day that actually makes you resident. The same logic turns any "more than N" rule into a threshold of N plus one.
• Set the window to the jurisdiction's own year, not the calendar year, unless the two are the same.
• Add one row per continuous stay, entry date and exit date. Days covered by two overlapping rows are counted once.
• Enter trips you have not taken yet. The projected crossing date is calculated from everything in the list, so scheduled travel shows you the date you would cross before you commit to it.

Where a rule excludes certain days, transit days under the US substantial presence test for example, leave those days out of the trips you enter rather than expecting the calculator to know about them. It counts calendar days, it does not apply any one jurisdiction's exclusions.